Canadian Citizenship by Descent Checker

Yes. Bill C-3 expanded eligibility to include certain second-generation individuals born abroad.

Yes. 

Yes. The United States does not require individuals to renounce citizenship when acquiring another nationality.

Processing times typically range from 11 to 15 months, depending on case complexity.

Each application is individually assessed, taking into account:

• Family history
• Birth and adoption records
• Prior citizenship determinations
• Any past government decisions

No. You may apply for proof of citizenship at any age.

No. Citizenship by descent requires a biological or legal (adoptive) parent-child relationship.

Only if you were born on or after December 15, 2025, and your Canadian parent was also born abroad.

No. Citizenship by descent does not extend to spouses. You would need to sponsor them for permanent residence once you become a citizen.

Possibly. If they were born before December 15, 2025, they may qualify automatically depending on your status. If they are dependent children, you may be eligible to sponsor them for Canadian permanent residence. 

Only if you are a “factual resident” of Canada for tax purposes

No. You must first receive your Citizenship Certificate.

Canadian citizenship provides:

• The right to live and work anywhere in Canada
• Access to public healthcare and social benefits (after provincial residency requirements are met, often about three months)
• The right to vote or run in Canadian elections
• Eligibility to apply for a Canadian passport